High‐Rate Oxygen Electroreduction over Graphitic‐N Species Exposed on 3D Hierarchically Porous Nitrogen‐Doped Carbons
- 10 July 2014
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Wiley in Angewandte Chemie-International Edition
- Vol. 53 (36), 9503-9507
- https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201404333
Abstract
Nitrogen-doped species (NDs) are theoretically accepted as a determinant of the catalytic activity of metal-free N-doped carbon (NC) catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, direct relationships between ND type and ORR activity have been difficult to extract because the complexity of carbon matrix impairs efforts to expose specific NDs. Herein, we demonstrate the fabrication of a 3D hierarchically porous NC catalyst with micro-, meso-, and macroporosity in one structure, in which sufficient exposure and availability of inner-pore catalytic sites can be achieved due to its super-high surface area (2191 cm2 g−1) and interconnected pore system. More importantly, in-situ formation of graphitic-N species (GNs) on the surface of NC stimulated by KOH activation enables us to experimentally reveal the catalytic nature of GNs for ORR, which is of great significance for the design and development of advanced metal-free NC electrocatalysts.Keywords
This publication has 59 references indexed in Scilit:
- Sp2 C‐Dominant N‐Doped Carbon Sub‐micrometer Spheres with a Tunable Size: A Versatile Platform for Highly Efficient Oxygen‐Reduction CatalystsAdvanced Materials, 2012
- Co/CoO Nanoparticles Assembled on Graphene for Electrochemical Reduction of OxygenAngewandte Chemie, 2012
- Co/CoO Nanoparticles Assembled on Graphene for Electrochemical Reduction of OxygenAngewandte Chemie-International Edition, 2012
- Electrocatalyst approaches and challenges for automotive fuel cellsNature, 2012
- Facile Oxygen Reduction on a Three‐Dimensionally Ordered Macroporous Graphitic C3N4/Carbon Composite ElectrocatalystAngewandte Chemie, 2012
- Co3O4 nanocrystals on graphene as a synergistic catalyst for oxygen reduction reactionNature Materials, 2011
- High-Performance Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Derived from Polyaniline, Iron, and CobaltScience, 2011
- Recent advances in non-precious metal catalysis for oxygen-reduction reaction in polymer electrolyte fuelcellsEnergy & Environmental Science, 2010
- Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanotube Arrays with High Electrocatalytic Activity for Oxygen ReductionScience, 2009
- High Rates of Oxygen Reduction over a Vapor Phase–Polymerized PEDOT ElectrodeScience, 2008