Fitness Costs of Insect Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis
Top Cited Papers
- 1 January 2009
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Annual Reviews in Annual Review of Entomology
- Vol. 54 (1), 147-163
- https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ento.54.110807.090518
Abstract
Evolution of resistance by insect pests threatens the continued effectiveness of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins in sprays and transgenic crops. Fitness costs of Bt resistance occur when, in the absence of Bt toxins, fitness is lower for resistant insects than for susceptible insects. Modeling results show that fitness costs can delay resistance by selecting against Bt-resistant genotypes in refuges where insects are not exposed to Bt toxins. In 77 studies including 18 species, fitness costs were detected in 62% of experiments testing for declines in resistance and in 34% of fitness component comparisons. Mean fitness costs were 15.5% for survival, 7.4% for development time, and 2.5% for mass. Although most fitness costs were recessive, nonrecessive costs can select more strongly against resistance. Because fitness costs vary with ecological conditions, refuges designed to increase the dominance or magnitude of fitness costs could be especially useful for delaying pest resistance.Keywords
This publication has 96 references indexed in Scilit:
- Insect resistance to Bt crops: evidence versus theoryNature Biotechnology, 2008
- Frequency and fitness cost of resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis in Chrysomela tremulae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)Heredity, 2006
- Farm-scale evaluation of the impacts of transgenic cotton on biodiversity, pesticide use, and yieldProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2006
- “Active” refuges can inhibit the evolution of resistance in insects towards transgenic insect-resistant plantsJournal of Theoretical Biology, 2004
- Delaying evolution of insect resistance to transgenic crops by decreasing dominance and heritabilityJournal of Evolutionary Biology, 2004
- Identification of a Gene Associated with Bt Resistance in Heliothis virescensScience, 2001
- Reversing insect adaptation to transgenic insecticidal plantsProceedings Of The Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, 2001
- Low Intrinsic Rate of Natural Increase in BT-resistant Population of Diamondback Moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae).Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology, 1998
- Bacillus thuringiensisresistant colorado potato beetle and transgenic plants: Some operational and ecological implications for deploymentBiocontrol Science and Technology, 1994
- The development of insecticide resistance in the presence of migrationJournal of Theoretical Biology, 1977