Mesenchymal stromal cells in renal ischemia/reperfusion injury
Open Access
- 1 January 2012
- journal article
- Published by Frontiers Media SA in Frontiers in Immunology
- Vol. 3, 162
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2012.00162
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is an inevitable consequence of organ transplantation and a major determinant of patient and graft survival in kidney transplantation. Renal I/R injury can lead to fibrosis and graft failure. Although the exact sequence of events in the pathophysiology of I/R injury remains unknown, the role of inflammation has become increasingly clear. In this perspective, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are under extensive investigation as potential therapy for I/R injury, since MSCs are able to exert immune regulatory and reparative effects. Various preclinical studies indicate the beneficial effects of MSCs in ameliorating renal injury and accelerating tissue repair. These versatile cells have been shown to migrate to sites of injury and to enhance repair by paracrine mechanisms instead of by differentiating and replacing the injured cells. The first phase I studies of MSCs in human renal I/R injury and kidney transplantation have been started, and results are awaited soon. In this review, preliminary results and opportunities of MSCs in human renal I/R injury are summarized. We might be heading towards a cell-based paradigm shift in the treatment of renal I/R injury.Keywords
This publication has 106 references indexed in Scilit:
- Oxidative Stress Stimulates Autophagic Flux During Ischemia/ReperfusionAntioxidants and Redox Signaling, 2011
- Sterile inflammation: sensing and reacting to damageNature Reviews Immunology, 2010
- Inflammatory mechanisms in ischemic stroke: therapeutic approachesJournal of Translational Medicine, 2009
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Microvesicles Protect Against Acute Tubular InjuryJournal of the American Society of Nephrology, 2009
- PMNs facilitate translocation of platelets across human and mouse epithelium and together alter fluid homeostasis via epithelial cell–expressed ecto-NTPDasesJCI Insight, 2008
- A Perivascular Origin for Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Multiple Human OrgansCell Stem Cell, 2008
- Free radicals and antioxidants in normal physiological functions and human diseaseThe International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, 2007
- Immune regulation by mesenchymal stem cells: two sides to the coinTissue Antigens, 2006
- Donor-derived mesenchymal stem cells are immunogenic in an allogeneic host and stimulate donor graft rejection in a nonmyeloablative settingBlood, 2006
- Minimal criteria for defining multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells. The International Society for Cellular Therapy position statementCytotherapy, 2006