PENTRAXINS AT THE CROSSROADS BETWEEN INNATE IMMUNITY, INFLAMMATION, MATRIX DEPOSITION, AND FEMALE FERTILITY
- 1 April 2005
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Annual Reviews in Annual Review of Immunology
- Vol. 23 (1), 337-366
- https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.immunol.23.021704.115756
Abstract
C reactive protein, the first innate immunity receptor identified, and serum amyloid P component are classic short pentraxins produced in the liver. Long pentraxins, including the prototype PTX3, are expressed in a variety of tissues. Some long pentraxins are expressed in the brain and some are involved in neuronal plasticity and degeneration. PTX3 is produced by a variety of cells and tissues, most notably dendritic cells and macrophages, in response to Toll-like receptor (TLR) engagement and inflammatory cytokines. PTX3 acts as a functional ancestor of antibodies, recognizing microbes, activating complement, and facilitating pathogen recognition by phagocytes, hence playing a nonredundant role in resistance against selected pathogens. In addition, PTX3 is essential in female fertility because it acts as a nodal point for the assembly of the cumulus oophorus hyaluronan-rich extracellular matrix. Thus, the prototypic long pentraxin PTX3 is a multifunctional soluble pattern recognition receptor at the crossroads between innate immunity, inflammation, matrix deposition, and female fertility.This publication has 133 references indexed in Scilit:
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