Dangerous liaisons: interplay between SWI/SNF, NuRD, and Polycomb in chromatin regulation and cancer
Open Access
- 23 May 2019
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory in Genes & Development
- Vol. 33 (15-16), 936-959
- https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.326066.119
Abstract
Changes in chromatin structure mediated by ATP-dependent nucleosome remodelers and histone modifying enzymes are integral to the process of gene regulation. Here, we review the roles of the SWI/SNF (switch/sucrose nonfermenting) and NuRD (nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase) and the Polycomb system in chromatin regulation and cancer. First, we discuss the basic molecular mechanism of nucleosome remodeling, and how this controls gene transcription. Next, we provide an overview of the functional organization and biochemical activities of SWI/SNF, NuRD, and Polycomb complexes. We describe how, in metazoans, the balance of these activities is central to the proper regulation of gene expression and cellular identity during development. Whereas SWI/SNF counteracts Polycomb, NuRD facilitates Polycomb repression on chromatin. Finally, we discuss how disruptions of this regulatory equilibrium contribute to oncogenesis, and how new insights into the biological functions of remodelers and Polycombs are opening avenues for therapeutic interventions on a broad range of cancer types.Keywords
Funding Information
- Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek-Chemische Wetenschappen ECHO (711.014.001)
- Irish Cancer Society (CRF18BRI)
- Science Foundation Ireland (18/SIRG/5573)
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI/16/IA/4562, SFI/17/BBSRC/3415)
- Irish Research Council
- Worldwide Cancer Research
- Brain Tumour Charity (18-0592)
- Health Research Board (HRB-ILP-POR-2017-078)
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