Excellent studio teaching in architecture

Abstract
Design studios are the heart of most architecture curricula, yet few efforts have been made to determine what makes for excellent studio teaching. Based on interviews with university teachers who have won awards for teaching excellence in design studios, the study identifies 14 factors that can contribute to effective studio teaching. The need for such insights is great, for studio teachers receive no training; there are no guidelines for young teachers. This study also can help experienced teachers improve their teaching, particularly teachers who are off their stride. Furthermore, it can aid administrators in advising teachers—both young and experienced.