Meta-Analysis of Studies Analyzing the Role of Human Papillomavirus in the Development of Bladder Carcinoma
Open Access
- 1 January 2012
- journal article
- review article
- Published by The Korean Urological Association in Korean Journal of Urology
- Vol. 53 (4), 240-247
- https://doi.org/10.4111/kju.2012.53.4.240
Abstract
We aimed to ascertain the degree of association between bladder cancer and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. We performed a meta-analysis of observational studies with cases and controls with publication dates up to January 2011. The PubMed electronic database was searched by using the key words "bladder cancer and virus." Twenty-one articles were selected that met the required methodological criteria. We implemented an internal quality control system to verify the selected search method. We analyzed the pooled effect of all the studies and also analyzed the techniques used as follows: 1) studies with DNA-based techniques, among which we found studies with polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based techniques and 2) studies with non-PCR-based techniques, and studies with non-DNA-based techniques. Taking into account the 21 studies that were included in the meta-analysis, we obtained a heterogeneity chi-squared value of Qexp=26.45 (p=0.383). The pooled odds ratio (OR) was 2.13 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.54 to 2.95), which points to a significant effect between HPV and bladder cancer. Twenty studies assessed the presence of DNA. The overall effect showed a significant relationship between virus presence and bladder cancer, with a pooled OR of 2.19 (95% CI, 1.40 to 3.43). Of the other six studies, four examined the virus's capsid antigen and two detected antibodies in serum by Western blot. The estimated pooled OR in this group was 2.11 (95% CI, 1.27 to 3.51), which confirmed the relationship between the presence of virus and cancer. The pooled OR value showed a moderate relationship between viral infection and bladder tumors.Keywords
This publication has 32 references indexed in Scilit:
- Human Papillomavirus Infection and Bladder Cancer Risk: A Meta-analysisThe Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2011
- Human papillomavirus and p16 expression in inverted papillomas of the urinary bladderCancer Letters, 2010
- Meta-Analysis of Studies Analyzing the Relationship Between Bladder Cancer and Infection by Human PapillomavirusJournal of Urology, 2006
- Genetic and Immunophenotype Analyses of TP53 in Bladder CancerDiagnostic Molecular Pathology, 2004
- Human papillomavirus associated with bladder carcinoma? Analysis by polymerase chain reactionInternational Journal of Urology, 1999
- Prevalence of six types of human papillomavirus in inverted papilloma and papillary transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder: an evaluation by polymerase chain reaction.Journal of Clinical Pathology, 1997
- Human papillomavirus type 16 associated with multifocal transitional cell carcinomas of the bladder in two transplanted patientsTransplant International, 1994
- Human papillomavirus type 16 associated with multifocal transitional cell carcinomas of the bladder in two transplanted patientsTransplant International, 1994
- Expression of the different viral mRNAs of human papilloma virus 6 in a squamous‐cell carcinoma of the bladder and the cervixInternational Journal of Cancer, 1993
- Detection of Human Papillomavirus DNA in Cancer of the Urinary Bladder by in situ HybridisationBritish Journal of Urology, 1991