A SNARE geranylgeranyltransferase essential for the organization of the Golgi apparatus
- 15 April 2020
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in The EMBO Journal
- Vol. 39 (8), e104120
- https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.2019104120
Abstract
Protein prenylation is essential for many cellular processes including signal transduction, cytoskeletal reorganization, and membrane trafficking. Here, we identify a novel type of protein prenyltransferase, which we named geranylgeranyltransferase type-III (GGTase-III). GGTase-III consists of prenyltransferase alpha subunit repeat containing 1 (PTAR1) and the beta subunit of RabGGTase. Using a biotinylated geranylgeranyl analogue, we identified the Golgi SNARE protein Ykt6 as a substrate of GGTase-III. GGTase-III transfers a geranylgeranyl group to mono-farnesylated Ykt6, generating doubly prenylated Ykt6. The crystal structure of GGTase-III in complex with Ykt6 provides structural basis for Ykt6 double prenylation. In GGTase-III-deficient cells, Ykt6 remained in a singly prenylated form, and the Golgi SNARE complex assembly was severely impaired. Consequently, the Golgi apparatus was structurally disorganized, and intra-Golgi protein trafficking was delayed. Our findings reveal a fourth type of protein prenyltransferase that generates geranylgeranyl-farnesyl Ykt6. Double prenylation of Ykt6 is essential for the structural and functional organization of the Golgi apparatus.Funding Information
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (16K08574, 17K15072, 16H05148)
- Takeda Science Foundation
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (JPMJCR12M5)
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