Attention-driven auditory cortex short-term plasticity helps segregate relevant sounds from noise
- 22 February 2011
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
- Vol. 108 (10), 4182-4187
- https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1016134108
Abstract
How can we concentrate on relevant sounds in noisy environments? A “gain model” suggests that auditory attention simply amplifies relevant and suppresses irrelevant afferent inputs. However, it is unclear whether this suffices when attended and ignored features overlap to stimulate the same neuronal receptive fields. A “tuning model” suggests that, in addition to gain, attention modulates feature selectivity of auditory neurons. We recorded magnetoencephalography, EEG, and functional MRI (fMRI) while subjects attended to tones delivered to one ear and ignored opposite-ear inputs. The attended ear was switched every 30 s to quantify how quickly the effects evolve. To produce overlapping inputs, the tones were presented alone vs. during white-noise masking notch-filtered ±1/6 octaves around the tone center frequencies. Amplitude modulation (39 vs. 41 Hz in opposite ears) was applied for “frequency tagging” of attention effects on maskers. Noise masking reduced early (50–150 ms; N1) auditory responses to unattended tones. In support of the tuning model, selective attention canceled out this attenuating effect but did not modulate the gain of 50–150 ms activity to nonmasked tones or steady-state responses to the maskers themselves. These tuning effects originated at nonprimary auditory cortices, purportedly occupied by neurons that, without attention, have wider frequency tuning than ±1/6 octaves. The attentional tuning evolved rapidly, during the first few seconds after attention switching, and correlated with behavioral discrimination performance. In conclusion, a simple gain model alone cannot explain auditory selective attention. In nonprimary auditory cortices, attention-driven short-term plasticity retunes neurons to segregate relevant sounds from noise.This publication has 53 references indexed in Scilit:
- Functional Maps of Human Auditory Cortex: Effects of Acoustic Features and AttentionPLOS ONE, 2009
- A Normalization Model of Attentional Modulation of Single Unit ResponsesPLOS ONE, 2009
- Frequency-specific modulation of population-level frequency tuning in human auditory cortexBMC Neuroscience, 2009
- Ultra-fine frequency tuning revealed in single neurons of human auditory cortexNature, 2008
- Attention Improves Population-Level Frequency Tuning in Human Auditory CortexJournal of Neuroscience, 2007
- Selective Attention Increases Both Gain and Feature Selectivity of the Human Auditory CortexPLOS ONE, 2007
- Does attention play a role in dynamic receptive field adaptation to changing acoustic salience in A1?Hearing Research, 2007
- The advantage of combining MEG and EEG: Comparison to fMRI in focally stimulated visual cortexNeuroImage, 2007
- Task-modulated “what” and “where” pathways in human auditory cortexProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2006
- Cortical Surface-Based Analysis: I. Segmentation and Surface ReconstructionNeuroImage, 1999