Meta-Analysis: The Impact of Nutritional Status on the Immune Response to Hepatitis B Virus Vaccine in Chronic Kidney Disease

Abstract
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) typically show a diminished immune response to hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine compared with individuals with intact kidney function. A number of inherited or acquired factors have been implicated in this suboptimal response. Patients with chronic kidney disease frequently have a compromised nutritional status; however, the impact of malnutrition on the immune response to hepatitis B virus vaccine in chronic kidney disease patients remains unclear.