Identification of Trace Volatile Compounds in Freshly Distilled Calvados and Cognac Using Preparative Separations Coupled with Gas Chromatography−Mass Spectrometry
- 16 July 2004
- journal article
- research article
- Published by American Chemical Society (ACS) in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
- Vol. 52 (16), 5124-5134
- https://doi.org/10.1021/jf040052y
Abstract
Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) using both electron impact and chemical ionization detection modes led to the determination of the volatile composition of two samples of freshly distilled Cognac and two samples of freshly distilled Calvados. A total of 169 volatile compounds were directly identified in dichloromethane extracts obtained by liquid−liquid extraction. Trace compounds present in both spirits were characterized with the help of preparative separations. In a first step, groups of compounds were separated by preparative GC, and the fractions were analyzed on a polar stationary phase by GC-MS. In a second step, silica gel fractionation was used to separate them by polarity. In this study, 331 compounds, of which 162 can be considered as trace compounds, were characterized in both freshly distilled Cognac and Calvados. Of these, 39 are common to both spirits; 30 are specific to Cognac with numerous hexenyl esters and norisoprenoidic derivatives, whereas 93 are specific to Calvados with compounds such as unsaturated alcohols, phenolic derivatives, and unsaturated aldehydes. Keywords: Calvados; Cognac; volatiles; gas chromatography−mass spectrometry; preparative separationsThis publication has 19 references indexed in Scilit:
- Chemical and Sensorial Aroma Characterization of Freshly Distilled Calvados. 1. Evaluation of Quality and Defects on the Basis of Key Odorants by Olfactometry and Sensory AnalysisJournal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2002
- Chemical and Sensorial Aroma Characterization of Freshly Distilled Calvados. 2. Identification of Volatile Compounds and Key OdorantsJournal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2002
- Characterisation of young Cognac spirit aromatic qualityAnalytica Chimica Acta, 2002
- Determination of ethylphenol compounds in wine by headspace solid-phase microextraction in conjunction with gas chromatography and flame ionization detectionAnalytica Chimica Acta, 2002
- Identification of green note compounds in malt whisky using multidimensional gas chromatographyFlavour and Fragrance Journal, 2002
- Volatile Flavor Compounds of Sweetened Condensed MilkJournal of Food Science, 2001
- Analysis of brandy aroma by solid-phase microextraction and liquid-liquid extractionJournal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2000
- The presence of damascenone in cultivars of Vitis vinifera (Linneaus), V. rotundifolia (Michaux), and V. labruscana (Baily)Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 1981
- Composition of neutral volatile constituents in grape brandiesJournal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 1979
- Flavor Components in CognacJournal of Food Science, 1970