Early-Life Epilepsies and the Emerging Role of Genetic Testing

Abstract
Approximately 2 in 1000 children develop epilepsy in the first 3 years of life.1 Early-life epilepsies (ELEs) represent many diverse diseases, often with devastating and lasting consequences. Previously, most ELEs were relegated to the undifferentiated category of symptomatic (sometimes “secondary” or “catastrophic”) generalized epilepsy, with a few rare electroclinical syndromes (eg, West syndrome or infantile spasms) specifically recognized.2-10 Causes in half or more of the patients remain unknown.