A Meta-Analytic Examination of Hardiness
- 31 October 2010
- journal article
- research article
- Published by American Psychological Association (APA) in International Journal of Stress Management
- Vol. 17 (4), 277-307
- https://doi.org/10.1037/a0020476
Abstract
Hardiness, which is a multidimensional personality trait that is hypothesized to protect people from the effects of stress, has attracted considerable research attention during the last 30 years. The current study provides a meta-analytic review of hardiness. Specifically, we examined the relationships between the hardiness facets, the relationship between hardiness and other personality variables, as well as the relationships between hardiness and several hypothesized criteria, including stressors, strains, social support, coping, and performance. Our analyses generally suggest that hardiness is: (a) positively related to other personality traits that are expected to protect people from stress, (b) negatively related to personality traits that are expected to exacerbate the effects of stress, (c) negatively related to stressors, strains, and regressive coping, and (d) positively related to social support, active coping, and performance. Regression analyses suggest that hardiness is significantly related to important criteria after the effects of other personality traits (e.g., the Five Factor Model traits) are controlled.This publication has 12 references indexed in Scilit:
- A meta‐analysis of the predictors and consequences of organization‐based self‐esteemJournal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 2010
- A meta-analytic examination of work and general locus of control.Journal of Applied Psychology, 2010
- Relationships between personality variables and burnout: A meta-analysisWork & Stress, 2009
- Locus of control at work: a meta‐analysisJournal of Organizational Behavior, 2006
- Method Variance in Organizational ResearchOrganizational Research Methods, 2006
- The Personality Construct of Hardiness, III: Relationships With Repression, Innovativeness, Authoritarianism, and PerformanceJournal of Personality, 2006
- Hardiness, History of Abuse and Women's HealthJournal of Health Psychology, 2005
- The Personality Construct of Hardiness: II. Relationships with Comprehensive Tests of Personality and PsychopathologyJournal of Research in Personality, 2002
- Relationship of core self-evaluations traits—self-esteem, generalized self-efficacy, locus of control, and emotional stability—with job satisfaction and job performance: A meta-analysis.Journal of Applied Psychology, 2001
- Dispositional effects on job and life satisfaction: The role of core evaluations.Journal of Applied Psychology, 1998