Being Driven to Work Excessively Hard
- 19 May 2009
- journal article
- research article
- Published by SAGE Publications in Cross-Cultural Research
- Vol. 43 (4), 320-348
- https://doi.org/10.1177/1069397109337239
Abstract
Based on a conceptual analysis, a two-dimensional self-report questionnaire for assessing workaholism (work addiction) is proposed, including (1) working excessively hard and (2) working compulsively. Using independent explorative and confirmative samples that include employees from The Netherlands (N = 7,594) and Japan ( N = 3,311), a questionnaire is developed and psychometrically evaluated. Results show that both scales (five items each) are internally consistent and that the hypothesized two-factor structure fits to the data of both countries. Furthermore, convergent validity was shown with measures of excess working time and discriminant validity was shown with measures of burnout and work engagement. Workaholics who work excessively hard and compulsively have a high relative risk on burnout and a low relative risk on work engagement. It is concluded that the two-dimensional measure—dubbed the Dutch Workaholism Scale (DUWAS)—is useful tool in future (cross-cultural) research on workaholism.Keywords
This publication has 54 references indexed in Scilit:
- The Measurement of Work Engagement With a Short QuestionnaireEducational and Psychological Measurement, 2006
- HRM perspectives on addiction to technology and workJournal of Management Development, 2006
- Method Variance in Organizational ResearchOrganizational Research Methods, 2006
- Workaholism in the Netherlands: Measurement and Implications for Job Strain and Work–Nonwork ConflictApplied Psychology, 2005
- Construct validity of the Maslach Burnout Inventory‐General SurveyStress & Health, 2004
- Job BurnoutAnnual Review of Psychology, 2001
- An Exploration of the Meaning and Consequences of WorkaholismHuman Relations, 1997
- Organizational impact of workaholism: Suggestions for researching the negative outcomes of excessive work.Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 1996
- Model modifications in covariance structure analysis: The problem of capitalization on chance.Psychological Bulletin, 1992
- On being a “Workaholic”Pastoral Psychology, 1968