Major Depressive Disorder, Antidepressant Use, and Subsequent 2-Year Weight Change Patterns in the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety
- 22 December 2015
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Physicians Postgraduate Press, Inc in British Journal of Psychology
- Vol. 77 (02), e144-e151
- https://doi.org/10.4088/jcp.14m09658
Abstract
Background: Although depression and obesity are bidirectionally associated, little is known about weight changes following major depressive disorder (MDD). This study compared 2-year weight changes between patients with current MDD (cMDD), patients with remitted MDD (rMDD), and healthy controls. Additionally, we examined the relationship between antidepressant medication use and 2-year weight change. Method: Data from 2,542 adults aged 18-65 y were sourced from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety. Data were collected at baseline and after 2, 4, and 6 years (September 2004-April 2013). Depression status (DSM-IV criteria for MDD) was established with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Subsequent 2-year weight changes were categorized as weight loss (> 5% loss), weight stable (within 5% weight loss or gain), and weight gain (> 5% gain). The association of depression status with subsequent weight change, with weight stable as reference category, was studied by combining all repeated measurements in a mixed multinomial logistical regression model. Results: cMDD, but not rMDD, was significantly associated with both weight gain and weight loss over a 2-year period after adjustment for covariates (odds ratio [OR] = 1.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.37-2.03; P < .001; and OR = 1.27; 95% CI 1.01-1.61; P = .045, respectively). Antidepressant use was associated with weight gain (SSRIs: OR = 1.26; 95% CI, 1.05-1.52; other antidepressants: OR = 1.36; 95% CI, 1.00-1.84; P < .05 for both), but not after considering depression status. Compared to cMDD patients who lost weight, those who gained weight had lower initial weight, were younger, had more comorbid anxiety disorders, and reported poorer quality of mood and reduced appetite as depressive symptoms. Conclusions: Compared to controls, cMDD participants have greater odds of either gaining or losing weight over a 2-year period, regardless of antidepressant use. (C) Copyright 2015 Physicians Postgraduate Press, Inc.Keywords
This publication has 19 references indexed in Scilit:
- Understanding the somatic consequences of depression: biological mechanisms and the role of depression symptom profileBMC Medicine, 2013
- Dietary energy density: a mediator of depressive symptoms and abdominal obesity or independent predictor of abdominal obesity?European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 2011
- Emotional eating and physical activity self-efficacy as pathways in the association between depressive symptoms and adiposity indicatorsThe American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2010
- Identifying Depressive Subtypes in a Large Cohort StudyBritish Journal of Psychology, 2010
- Late-Life Depressed Mood and Weight Change Contribute to the Risk of Each OtherAmerican Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 2010
- The relation of weight change to depressive symptoms in adolescenceDevelopment and Psychopathology, 2010
- Residual symptoms after remission of major depressive disorder with citalopram and risk of relapse: a STAR*D reportPsychological Medicine, 2009
- Major Depression, Antidepressant Medication and the Risk of ObesityPsychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 2009
- Anxiety and depression are associated with unhealthy lifestyle in patients at risk of cardiovascular diseaseAtherosclerosis, 2005
- SARCOPENIA, WEIGHT LOSS, AND NUTRITIONAL FRAILTY IN THE ELDERLYAnnual Review of Nutrition, 2002