Genetic characterization of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses isolated from poultry farms in Egypt
- 15 June 2011
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Virus Genes
- Vol. 43 (2), 272-280
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-011-0633-5
Abstract
Twenty-four avian influenza viruses were collected from poultry farms in three different governorates in Egypt during the years 2006–2009 and genetically characterized. All the isolates were confirmed to be type A and subtype H5 influenza virus by chromatographic strip test and hemagglutination inhibition assay. The sequence and phylogenetic data revealed that all Egyptian isolates cluster together and belong to subclade 2.2.1 of the H5N1 virus of Eurasian origin. Within the clade, Egyptian isolates were classified into three major groups (A, B, and C) based on genetic similarity and chronology of the isolation. The majority of the recent isolates belonged to subgroup A. Interestingly, four strains, which were isolated from the same farm with two of the samples collected on the same day, were located in separate subgroups. In addition, the difference in topology between HA and NS phylogenetic trees, which indicates possible difference in dynamics of genetic evolution in two genes, was observed. Genetic characterization data of H5N1 isolates obtained from farms with different vaccination histories indicate the vaccines currently being used in Egypt do not provide adequate level of protection. Our study provides additional evidence for the need for updated vaccine and warrants continuous monitoring of H5N1 influenza virus in Egypt.This publication has 22 references indexed in Scilit:
- Antigenic and Genetic Diversity of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A (H5N1) Viruses Isolated in EgyptAvian Diseases, 2010
- Epidemiological Findings of Outbreaks of Disease Caused by Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Avian Influenza Virus in Poultry in Egypt During 2006Avian Diseases, 2008
- Avian influenza: genetic evolution under vaccination pressureVirology Journal, 2008
- Effect of Vaccine Use in the Evolution of Mexican Lineage H5N2 Avian Influenza VirusJournal of Virology, 2004
- Genesis of a highly pathogenic and potentially pandemic H5N1 influenza virus in eastern AsiaNature, 2004
- An Update on Avian Influenza in MexicoAvian Diseases, 2003
- Development of a Real-Time Reverse Transcriptase PCR Assay for Type A Influenza Virus and the Avian H5 and H7 Hemagglutinin SubtypesJournal of Clinical Microbiology, 2002
- IMMUNITY TO INFLUENZA IN MANAnnual Review of Microbiology, 1983
- The antigenic structure of the influenza virus A/PR/8/34 hemagglutinin (H1 subtype)Cell, 1982
- Structural identification of the antibody-binding sites of Hong Kong influenza haemagglutinin and their involvement in antigenic variationNature, 1981