Tumor microenvironment participates in metastasis of pancreatic cancer
Top Cited Papers
Open Access
- 30 July 2018
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Molecular Cancer
- Vol. 17 (1), 1-15
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-018-0858-1
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a deadly disease with high mortality due to difficulties in its early diagnosis and metastasis. The tumor microenvironment induced by interactions between pancreatic epithelial/cancer cells and stromal cells is critical for pancreatic cancer progression and has been implicated in the failure of chemotherapy, radiation therapy and immunotherapy. Microenvironment formation requires interactions between pancreatic cancer cells and stromal cells. Components of the pancreatic cancer microenvironment that contribute to desmoplasia and immunosuppression are associated with poor patient prognosis. These components can facilitate desmoplasia and immunosuppression in primary and metastatic sites or can promote metastasis by stimulating angiogenesis/lymphangiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, invasion/migration, and pre-metastatic niche formation. Some molecules participate in both microenvironment formation and metastasis. In this review, we focus on the mechanisms of pancreatic cancer microenvironment formation and discuss how the pancreatic cancer microenvironment participates in metastasis, representing a potential target for combination therapy to enhance overall survival.Keywords
Funding Information
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (81672960, 81672443)
This publication has 171 references indexed in Scilit:
- Understanding and targeting cancer stem cells: therapeutic implications and challengesActa Pharmacologica Sinica, 2013
- Tumor-Derived Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Regulates Myeloid Inflammation and T Cell Immunity in Pancreatic CancerCancer Cell, 2012
- Hyaluronan impairs vascular function and drug delivery in a mouse model of pancreatic cancerGut, 2012
- Enzymatic Targeting of the Stroma Ablates Physical Barriers to Treatment of Pancreatic Ductal AdenocarcinomaCancer Cell, 2012
- EMT and Dissemination Precede Pancreatic Tumor FormationCell, 2012
- The proline TP53 variant stimulates likely lymphangiogenesis in an orthotopic mouse model of pancreatic cancerBritish Journal of Cancer, 2011
- Mutant p53 drives metastasis and overcomes growth arrest/senescence in pancreatic cancerProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2010
- Sonic hedgehog paracrine signaling regulates metastasis and lymphangiogenesis in pancreatic cancerOncogene, 2009
- Core Signaling Pathways in Human Pancreatic Cancers Revealed by Global Genomic AnalysesScience, 2008
- Reciprocal developmental pathways for the generation of pathogenic effector TH17 and regulatory T cellsNature, 2006