Nanobioengineered Electrospun Composite Nanofibers and Osteoblasts for Bone Regeneration
Open Access
- 8 May 2008
- journal article
- Published by Wiley in Artificial Organs
- Vol. 32 (5), 388-397
- https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1594.2008.00557.x
Abstract
Bone defects represent a medical and socioeconomic challenge. Engineering bioartificial bone tissues may help to solve problems related to donor site morbidity and size limitations. Nanofibrous scaffolds were electrospun into a blend of synthetic biodegradable polycaprolactone (PCL) with hydroxyapatite (HA) and natural polymer gelatin (Gel) at a ratio of 1:1:2 (PCL/HA/Gel) compared to PCL (9%), PCL/HA (1:1), and PCL/Gel (1:2) nanofibers. These fiber diameters were around 411 ± 158 to 856 ± 157 nm, and the pore size and porosity around 5–35 µm and 76–93%, respectively. The interconnecting porous structure of the nanofibrous scaffolds provides large surface area for cell attachment and sufficient space for nutrient transportation. The tensile property of composite nanofibrous scaffold (PCL/HA/Gel) was highly flexible and allows penetrating osteoblasts inside the scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration. Fourier transform infrared analysis showed that the composite nanofiber contains an amino group, a phosphate group, and carboxyl groups for inducing proliferation and mineralization of osteoblasts for in vitro bone formation. The cell proliferation (88%), alkaline phosphatase activity (77%), and mineralization (66%) of osteoblasts were significantly (P < 0.001) increased in composite nanofibrous scaffold compared to PCL nanofibrous scaffolds. Field emission scanning electron microscopic images showed that the composite nanofibers supported the proliferation and mineralization of osteoblast cells. These results show that the fabrication of electrospun PCL/HA/Gel composite nanofibrous scaffolds has potential for the proliferation and mineralization of osteoblasts for bone regeneration.Keywords
This publication has 33 references indexed in Scilit:
- The mechanical properties and osteoconductivity of hydroxyapatite bone scaffolds with multi-scale porosityBiomaterials, 2007
- In Vitro Culture of Human Dermal Fibroblasts on Electrospun Polycaprolactone Collagen Nanofibrous MembraneArtificial Organs, 2006
- Stimulation of osteoblast responses to biomimetic nanocomposites of gelatin–hydroxyapatite for tissue engineering scaffoldsBiomaterials, 2005
- Engineering bone: challenges and obstaclesJournal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, 2005
- Comparison of osteoblast responses to hydroxyapatite and hydroxyapatite/soluble calcium phosphate compositesJournal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A, 2004
- Responses of human keratocytes to micro‐ and nanostructured substratesJournal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A, 2004
- Spinning Continuous Fibers for NanotechnologyScience, 2004
- Beaded nanofibers formed during electrospinningPolymer, 1999
- Kinetics of osteoprogenitor proliferation and osteoblast differentiation in vitroJournal of Cellular Biochemistry, 1999
- Focal adhesion sites and the removal of substratum-bound fibronectin.The Journal of cell biology, 1986