Flow path system of ultraviolet C irradiation from xenon flash to reduce bacteria survival in platelet products containing a platelet additive solution
- 1 May 2020
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Wiley in Transfusion
- Vol. 60 (5), 1050-1059
- https://doi.org/10.1111/trf.15757
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous study showed that ultraviolet C (UVC) from xenon (Xe) flash without any photoreactive compounds inactivated bacteria in platelet concentrates (PCs) with less damage to platelets (PLTs) as compared with Xe flash containing ultraviolet A, ultraviolet B, and visible light. Here, we report a UVC irradiation system for PCs under flow conditions consisting of a flow path-irradiation sheet, a peristaltic pump, and a collection bag. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Platelet concentrates containing Ringer & apos;s solution (R-PCs) inoculated with bacteria were injected into a flow path sheet using a peristaltic pump, being irradiated with UVC from Xe flash. The quality of the irradiated PCs containing platelet additive solution (PAS-PCs) was assessed based on PC variables, PLT surface markers, and aggregation ability. RESULTS Streptococcus dysgalactiae (12 tests) and Escherichia coli (11) were all negative on bacterial culture, while Staphylococcus aureus (12) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (14) grew in one and two R-PCs, respectively. Bacillus cereus spores were inactivated in 7 of 12 R-PCs. PC variables became significantly different between irradiated and nonirradiated PAS-PCs. P-selectin, first procaspase-activating compound (PAC-1) binding, and phosphatidylserine increased by irradiation. Aggregability stimulated by adenosine diphosphate, collagen, or thromboxane A(2) increased in the irradiated PAS-PCs, while that by thrombin became smaller compared with nonirradiated controls. CONCLUSION This newly developed system inactivated bacteria including spores in R-PCs. PAS-PCs irradiated by this system retained acceptable in vitro quality and aggregability. Usage of a peristaltic pump instead of agitator during irradiation may enable this system to be directly combined with an apheresis blood cell separator.This publication has 30 references indexed in Scilit:
- Routine use of Day 6 and Day 7 platelets with rapid testing: two hospitals assess impact 1 year after implementationTransfusion, 2018
- Pathogen reduction and blood transfusion safety in Africa: strengths, limitations and challenges of implementation in low‐resource settingsVox Sanguinis, 2017
- Bacterial testing of platelets – has it prevented transfusion‐transmitted bacterial infections in Australia?Vox Sanguinis, 2017
- Residual risk of bacterial contamination of platelets: six years of experience with sterility testingTransfusion, 2017
- Bacterial screening of platelet components by National Health Service Blood and Transplant, an effective risk reduction measureTransfusion, 2017
- Fatal false‐negative transfusion infection involving a buffy coat platelet pool contaminated with biofilm‐positive Staphylococcus epidermidis: a case reportTransfusion, 2015
- Routine use of a rapid test to detect bacteria at the time of issue for nonleukoreduced, whole blood-derived plateletsTransfusion, 2012
- Frequency of bacterial contamination of platelet concentrates before and after introduction of diversion method in JapanTransfusion, 2009
- Methods for the detection of bacterial contamination in blood productscclm, 2008
- Canadian experience with detection of bacterial contamination in apheresis plateletsTransfusion, 2007