Phase II trial combining docetaxel and doxorubicin as neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with operable breast cancer

Abstract

Background: This study was conducted to assess the antitumour activity of docetaxel in combination with doxorubicin for neoadjuvant therapy of patients with breast cancer. Patients and methods: Forty-eight women were treated with intravenous doxorubicin 50 mg/m² over 15 min followed by a 1-h infusion of docetaxel 75 mg/m² every 3 weeks for six cycles. Dexamethasone or prednisolone premedication was allowed. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor was not allowed as primary prophylaxis. The primary end point was the pathologically documented complete response rate (pathological response). Results: The mean relative dose intensity calculated for four or more cycles was 0.99 for doxorubicin and 0.99 for docetaxel. Overall, the pathological response rate was 13%. There were 11 complete and 29 partial clinical responses for an overall response rate of 85% [95% confidence interval (CI) 75% to 95%] in the evaluable population (n = 47). Disease-free and overall survival rates were 85% (95% CI 71% to 94%) and 96% (95% CI 85% to 99%), respectively, after a median follow-up of 36.6 months. Grade 3/4 neutropenia was observed in 65% of patients and 17% reported grade 4 febrile neutropenia. Conclusions: Docetaxel and doxorubicin is an effective and well-tolerated combination in the neoadjuvant therapy of breast cancer. Future controlled trials are warranted to investigate the best schedules and to correlate response with biological factors.