A Survey of Dental X-ray Equipment and Radiological Practices in Nassau County New York

Abstract

Representative dental X-ray equipment in current clinical use was evaluated with respect to the Half Value Layer and intensity of the radiation emitted, timer accuracy and collimation. Radiological practices associated with this equipment were also studied to determine the influence of factors which contribute to patient exposure. The average exposure per film (753 mR) was found to be lower than that previously reported in similar studies, largely through the increasing use of high speed film. This is however, still markedly elevated above the minimum required for diagnostic image production. This is ascribed to the wide variations in equipment function observed; deviations from recommended darkroom methods; and the use of exhausted developers. Timer deficiencies noted in 80% of the equipment examined, further amplify the inability of the operator to accurately and repetitively obtain precise exposure intervals. The observations made in this study comprise a preliminary indication of the need for standards on dental radiation equipment and practices, which may be significant in curtailing the radiological burden now incurred in dental procedures. They also strongly reinforce the thesis that the informed use of ionizing radiation is a vital prerequisite to promoting the most appropriate use of X-rays in clinical application.