Protective Effect of Andrographis paniculata and Andrographolide on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Urothelial Toxicity
Open Access
- 1 September 2006
- journal article
- research article
- Published by SAGE Publications in Integrative Cancer Therapies
- Vol. 5 (3), 244-251
- https://doi.org/10.1177/1534735406291984
Abstract
The protective effect of Andrograhis paniculata and andrographolide (ANDLE) against cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced urothelial toxicity was investigated in this study. Pretreatment of Swiss albino mice with A paniculata extract (10 mg/dose/animal intraperitoneally [ip]) and ANDLE (500 μg/dose/animal ip) could significantly reduce CTX (1.5 nmol/kg body weight)-induced urothelial toxicity. Morphological and histopathological analysis of urinary bladder of CTX-treated mice showed severe inflammation and dark coloration, whereas A paniculata and ANDLE-treated mice showed almost normal bladder morphology. Elevation of urinary protein level (7.33±0.3 g/L) by CTX administration was reduced by A paniculata (3.78 ± 0.4 g/L) and ANDLE treatment (4.19 ± 0.1 g/L). Urinary urea N2level, which was elevated after 48 hours of CTX administration (24.25 ± 0.2 g/L) was found to be reduced by the treatment with A paniculata (14.19 ± 0.5 g/L) and ANDLE (15.79 ± 0.4 g/L). A decreased level of reduced glutahione (GSH) content in liver (2.81 ± 0.1 nmol/mg protein) and bladder (1.20 ± 0.2 nmol/mg protein) after CTX administration was also increased by the treatment with A paniculata (liver: 5.78 ± 0.3 nmol/mg protein; bladder: 2.96 ± 0.2 nmol/mg protein) and ANDLE (liver: 5.14 ± 0.3 nmol/mg protein; bladder: 2.84 ± 0.2 nmol/mg protein). Production of the proinflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor-α, which was elevated during CTX administration, was found to be inhibited by A paniculata and ANDLE treatment. The lowered level of interleukin-2 and interferon-γ during CTX treatment was elevated by the administration of A paniculata and ANDLE.Keywords
This publication has 25 references indexed in Scilit:
- Protective effects of Emblica officinalis Gaertn. in cyclophosphamide-treated miceHuman & Experimental Toxicology, 2001
- Protective Effect of Berberine on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Haemorrhagic Cystitis in RatsBasic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, 2001
- Protective effect of Cassia occidentalis L. on cyclophosphamide-induced suppression of humoral immunity in miceJournal of Ethnopharmacology, 2001
- Inhibitory effect of Emblica officinals on the in vivo clastogenicity of benzo alpyrene and acyclophosphamide in miceHuman & Experimental Toxicology, 2000
- Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics of OxazaphosphorinesClinical Pharmacokinetics, 2000
- Pharmacological and histopathological study of cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis - comparison of the effects of dexamethasone and Mesna.Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 1999
- The Use of Prostaglandin F2 Alpha for the Prophylaxis of Cyclophosphamide Induced Cystitis in RatsJournal of Urology, 1990
- Prostaglandin F 2 -Alpha Bladder Irrigation for Control of Intractable Cyclophosphamide-Induced Hemorrhagic CystitisJournal of Urology, 1987
- Cyclophosphamide teratogenesis: A reviewTeratogenesis, Carcinogenesis, and Mutagenesis, 1985
- Cyclophosphamide cystitis—Identification of acrolein as the causative agentBiochemical Pharmacology, 1979