Impact of a Preemptive Strategy After 3 Months of Valganciclovir Cytomegalovirus Prophylaxis in Kidney Transplant Recipients
- 27 January 2011
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) in Transplantation
- Vol. 91 (2), 251-255
- https://doi.org/10.1097/tp.0b013e318200b9f0
Abstract
Background. We assessed the impact of a preemptive strategy after discontinuation of antiviral prophylaxis in the prevention of late-onset cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease in a cohort of kidney transplant recipients. Methods. Patients undergoing kidney transplantation at the University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV) between November 2003 and November 2007 were included if they were donor or recipient (D/R) seropositive for CMV. All patients received 3 months of prophylaxis with valganciclovir, followed by monitoring of CMV DNAemia by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) every 15 days during 3 additional months. Valganciclovir was restarted if CMV PCR was more than or equal to 10,000 copies/mL. The primary endpoint of the study was the incidence of late-onset CMV disease. Results. Eighty-six kidney transplant recipients were included; 30 patients were D+/R− and 56 patients were R+ for CMV. At 6 months posttransplant, CMV DNAemia had occurred in 31 of 86 (36%) patients: 13 of 30 (43%) in the D+/R− group and 18 of 56 (32%) in the R+ group (P=0.35). In the D+/R− group, among the 13 patients with CMV DNAemia, 7 (54%) patients developed late-onset CMV disease, simultaneously to the first positive viral load (n=5) or after detection of low-grade viremia (n=2). Only two patients received a preemptive treatment. In the R+ group, all positive PCR results were below the established cutoff. Thus, these 18 patients were not treated, and none of them developed late-onset CMV disease (R+ vs. D+/R−: P<0.001). Conclusions. Within the limitations of a noncontrolled study, our data indicate that a preemptive strategy after 3 months of valganciclovir prophylaxis for CMV is not useful in R+ kidney transplant recipients. In D+/R− patients, this approach should be further evaluated.This publication has 25 references indexed in Scilit:
- The Efficacy and Safety of 200 Days Valganciclovir Cytomegalovirus Prophylaxis in High‐Risk Kidney Transplant RecipientsAmerican Journal of Transplantation, 2010
- What Is the Impact of Late-Onset Cytomegalovirus Disease After Valganciclovir Prophylaxis in Kidney Transplantation?Transplantation, 2008
- Improvement in Long-Term Renal Graft Survival due to CMV Prophylaxis with Oral Ganciclovir: Results of a Randomized Clinical TrialAmerican Journal of Transplantation, 2008
- Delayed-Onset Primary Cytomegalovirus Disease and the Risk of Allograft Failure and Mortality after Kidney TransplantationClinical Infectious Diseases, 2008
- Prophylactic Versus Preemptive Oral Valganciclovir for the Management of Cytomegalovirus Infection in Adult Renal Transplant RecipientsAmerican Journal of Transplantation, 2006
- Clinical Utility of Cytomegalovirus Viral Load Testing for Predicting CMV Disease in D+/R- Solid Organ Transplant RecipientsAmerican Journal of Transplantation, 2004
- CLINICAL UTILITY OF QUANTITATIVE CYTOMEGALOVIRUS VIRAL LOAD DETERMINATION FOR PREDICTING CYTOMEGALOVIRUS DISEASE IN LIVER TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS1Transplantation, 1999
- Valacyclovir for the Prevention of Cytomegalovirus Disease after Renal TransplantationThe New England Journal of Medicine, 1999
- Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction to Predict Occurrence of Symptomatic Cytomegalovirus Infection and Assess Response to Ganciclovir Therapy in Renal Transplant RecipientsThe Journal of Infectious Diseases, 1998
- Infection in Organ-Transplant RecipientsThe New England Journal of Medicine, 1998