Dental implant design–effect on bone remodeling

Abstract

Bone remodeling around three different endossesous dental implant designs placed in dog mandibles was studied using radiography during lengthy periods of function and by histology after animal sacrifice. The three designs investigated were (a) threaded (c.p. titanium), (b) fully porous-coated (titanium alloy), and (c) partially porous-coated (titanium alloy). The implants were kept in function for either 32 weeks (fully porous-coated) or 73 to 77 weeks (partially porous-coated and threaded). The studies indicated that some crestal bone loss occurred for both the threaded and partially porous-coated implants while no significant bone loss was seen with fully porous-coated implants in the absence of plaque-associated infection. It is suggested that these observed differences are a result of the different stress states that develop in bone surrounding the three designs underlying the importance of implant design on bone remodeling.