Biodistributions, Myelosuppression, and Toxicities in Mice Treated with an Anti-CD45 Antibody Labeled with the α-Emitting Radionuclides Bismuth-213 or Astatine-211
Open Access
- 15 March 2009
- journal article
- Published by American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) in Cancer Research
- Vol. 69 (6), 2408-2415
- https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.can-08-4363
Abstract
We previously investigated the potential of targeted radiotherapy using a bismuth-213 (213Bi)–labeled anti-CD45 antibody to replace total body irradiation as conditioning for hematopoietic cell transplantation in a canine model. Although this approach allowed sustained marrow engraftment, limited availability, high cost, and short half-life of 213Bi induced us to investigate an alternative α-emitting radionuclide, astatine-211 (211At), for the same application. Biodistribution and toxicity studies were conducted with conjugates of the anti-murine CD45 antibody 30F11 with either 213Bi or 211At. Mice were injected with 2 to 50 μCi on 10 μg or 20 μCi on 2 or 40 μg of 30F11 conjugate. Biodistribution studies showed that the spleen contained the highest concentration of radioactivity, ranging from 167 ± 23% to 417 ± 109% injected dose/gram (% ID/g) after injection of the 211At conjugate and 45 ± 9% to 166 ± 11% ID/g after injection of the 213Bi conjugate. The higher concentrations observed for 211At-labeled 30F11 were due to its longer half-life, which permitted better localization of isotope to the spleen before decay. 211At was more effective at producing myelosuppression for the same quantity of injected radioactivity. All mice injected with 20 or 50 μCi 211At, but none with the same quantities of 213Bi, had lethal myeloablation. Severe reversible acute hepatic toxicity occurred with 50 μCi 213Bi, but not with lower doses of 213Bi or with any dose of 211At. No renal toxicity occurred with either radionuclide. The data suggest that smaller quantities of 211At-labeled anti-CD45 antibody are sufficient to achieve myelosuppression and myeloablation with less nonhematologic toxicity compared with 213Bi-labeled antibody. [Cancer Res 2009;69(6):2408–15]Keywords
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