Hemodialysis patients with coronavirus disease 2019: reduced antibody response
- 6 September 2021
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Clinical and Experimental Nephrology
- Vol. 26 (2), 170-177
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10157-021-02130-8
Abstract
Background Because patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HD) have an impaired immune response to pathogens, they are at higher risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, data on antibody production among HD patients with COVID-19 is scarce. Thus, we performed a retrospective cohort study evaluating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus two antibody (SARS-CoV-2) production within 1 month after COVID-19 onset in hospitalized patients on HD. Methods SARS-CoV-2-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) G levels were quantified using an iFlash 3000 Chemiluminescence Immunoassay analyzer (Shenzhen YHLO Biotech Co., Ltd.) to detect IgG antibodies specific for the S1 subunit of the spike protein (IgG-S1). Propensity score matching was used to balance covariate distribution in HD and non-HD patients. From April 2020 to February 2021, antibody testing was performed on 161 hospitalized patients with symptomatic COVID-19. Of them, 34 HD patients were matched to 68 non-HD patients. Results After propensity score matching, the median levels of IgG-S1 in the HD patients at 7–13 days after symptom onset were significantly lower than in non-HD patients, especially in those with severe disease. Among all patients, those with severe disease produced lower levels of IgG-S1 at 7–13 days compared with non-severe patients. Conclusion COVID-19 patients with severe disease, especially those undergoing HD, had lower IgG-S1 production in the second week of the disease. Thus, the increased risk of severe COVID-19 in HD patients may be, in part, due to a slow and reduced antibody response.Keywords
Funding Information
- tokyo metropolitan health and hospitals corporation okubo hospital
This publication has 19 references indexed in Scilit:
- Humoral Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 in IcelandThe New England Journal of Medicine, 2020
- IgG Antibody Response to SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Viral RNA Persistence in Patients on Maintenance HemodialysisAmerican Journal of Kidney Diseases, 2020
- Outcomes of patients with end-stage kidney disease hospitalized with COVID-19Kidney International, 2020
- Convergent antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in convalescent individualsNature, 2020
- Convergent Antibody Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Convalescent IndividualsPublished by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory ,2020
- Lymphopenia is associated with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections: A systemic review and meta-analysisInternational Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2020
- The Novel Coronavirus Originating in Wuhan, ChinaJAMA, 2020
- Impacts of cigarette smoking on immune responsiveness: Up and down or upside down?Oncotarget, 2016
- Aspects of Immune Dysfunction in End-stage Renal DiseaseClinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 2008
- Serum levels of immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM) in a general adult population and their relationship with alcohol consumption, smoking and common metabolic abnormalitiesClinical and Experimental Immunology, 2007