Treatment of severe refractory pruritus with fractionated plasma separation and adsorption (Prometheus®)

Abstract

Objective. Severe pruritus is a serious complication of cholestatic liver disease. Prometheus® is a recently introduced extracorporeal liver support system with direct toxin adsorption of the patient's albumin fraction (FPSA; fractionated plasma separation and adsorption). Here we report on the effect of Prometheus therapy in patients with intractable cholestatic pruritus. Material and methods. Seven patients with different liver diseases and severe pruritus refractory to all medical treatment efforts for more than 4 weeks were treated with Prometheus (3–5 times, 18±3 h total). Pruritus intensity was assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS; from 0 = no pruritus to 10 = unbearable pruritus), and VAS, serum bile acids and total bilirubin were evaluated directly before and after Prometheus treatment, as well as 4 weeks later. Results. After Prometheus therapy, VAS values had dropped significantly from 9±1 to 3±3 (ppConclusions. Prometheus therapy significantly improved refractory pruritus in all patients with elevated bile acid levels, but in some patients the clinical benefit was of short duration. The clinical findings suggest that we have to better characterize those patients who might derive a long-lasting benefit from this invasive and expensive treatment.