Role of cellular iron and oxygen in the regulation of HIV-1 infection
- 1 March 2013
- journal article
- Published by Future Medicine Ltd in Future Virology
- Vol. 8 (3), 301-311
- https://doi.org/10.2217/fvl.13.6
Abstract
Despite efficient antiretroviral therapy, eradication of HIV-1 infection is challenging and requires novel biological insights and therapeutic strategies. Among other physiological and environmental factors, intracellular iron greatly affects HIV-1 replication. Higher iron stores were shown to be associated with faster progression of HIV-1 infection and to inversely correlate with the survival of HIV-1 infected patients. Iron is required for several steps in the HIV-1 life cycle, including reverse transcription, HIV-1 gene expression and capsid assembly. Here, the authors present a comprehensive review of the molecular mechanisms involved in iron- and oxygen-mediated regulation of HIV-1 replication. We also propose key intracellular pathways that may be involved in regulating HIV-1 replication via protein kinase complexes, CDK9/cyclin T1 and CDK2/cyclin E, protein phosphatase-1 and other host factors.Keywords
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