ALTERATION OF NUCLEOSOME STRUCTURE AS A MECHANISM OF TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION
- 1 June 1998
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Annual Reviews in Annual Review of Biochemistry
- Vol. 67 (1), 545-579
- https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.biochem.67.1.545
Abstract
The nucleosome, which is the primary building block of chromatin, is not a static structure: It can adopt alternative conformations. Changes in solution conditions or changes in histone acetylation state cause nucleosomes and nucleosomal arrays to behave with altered biophysical properties. Distinct subpopulations of nucleosomes isolated from cells have chromatographic properties and nuclease sensitivity different from those of bulk nucleosomes. Recently, proteins that were initially identified as necessary for transcriptional regulation have been shown to alter nucleosomal structure. These proteins are found in three types of multiprotein complexes that can acetylate nucleosomes, deacetylate nucleosomes, or alter nucleosome structure in an ATP-dependent manner. The direct modification of nucleosome structure by these complexes is likely to play a central role in appropriate regulation of eukaryotic genes.Keywords
This publication has 278 references indexed in Scilit:
- The Transcriptional Coactivators p300 and CBP Are Histone AcetyltransferasesCell, 1996
- Mechanism of Protein Access to Specific DNA Sequences in Chromatin: A Dynamic Equilibrium Model for Gene RegulationJournal of Molecular Biology, 1995
- A transcriptional co-repressor that interacts with nuclear hormone receptorsNature, 1995
- Nucleosome disruption and enhancement of activator binding by a human SW1/SNF complexNature, 1994
- Chromatosome positioning on assembled long chromatin: Linker histones affect nucleosome placement on 5 S rDNAJournal of Molecular Biology, 1991
- Use of selectively trypsinized nucleosome core particles to analyze the role of the histone “tails” in the stabilization of the nucleosomeJournal of Molecular Biology, 1989
- Affinity chromatographic purification of nucleosomes containing transcriptionally active DNA sequencesJournal of Molecular Biology, 1987
- A single histone acetyltransferase from Tetrahymena macronuclei catalyzes deposition-related acetylation of free histones and transcription-related acetylation of nucleosomal histones.The Journal of cell biology, 1987
- Chromatin reconstituted from tandemly repeated cloned DNA fragments and core histones: A model system for study of higher order structureCell, 1985
- Characterization of the octamer of histones free in solutionJournal of Molecular Biology, 1977