An Efficient Synthesis of 5-Bromo-2-methoxy-6-methylaminopyridine-3-carboxylic Acid.

Abstract

An efficient synthesis of 5-bromo-2-methoxy-6-methylaminopyridine-3-carboxylic acid (1), a carboxylic acid moiety of a potent dopamine D₂ and D₃ and serotonin-3 (5-HT₃) receptors antagonist, (R)-5-bromo-N-(1-ethyl-4-methylhexahydro-1, 4-diazepin-6-yl)-2-methoxy-6-methylaminopyridine-3-carboxamide, is described. Reaction of methyl 2, 6-difluoropyridine-3-carboxylate (12) with methylamine in EtOH at -25°C gave a mixture of methyl 2-fluoro-6-methylaminopyridine-3-carboxylate (13) and the regioisomer 14 in a ratio of 57 : 43. On the other hand, reaction of 12 and methyl 2, 6-dichloropyridine-3-carboxylate (16) with sodium methoxide in tetrahydrofuran (THF) and CH₂Cl₂ provided the 2-methoxypyridine-3-carboxylic esters 20 and 23, respectively, as main products. Similar reaction of 16 in N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and MeOH proved to be highly regioselective for the 6-position. A much greater regioselectivity for substitution at the 6-position (>97%) was observed when 16 was treated with 4-methylbenzenethiolate anion in DMF (quantitative yield). After methoxylation of methyl 2-chloro-6-(4-methylbenzenethio)pyridine-3-carboxylate (25b) and successive oxidation of the 6-benzenethio moiety, nucleophilic substitution of the sulfoxide derivative 28 with methylamine gave the 6-methylamino derivative 8. Finally, bromination of 8 and alkaline hydrolysis produced the desired product 1 in an overall yield of 67%.