On Direct and Indirect Methanol Fuel Cells for Transportation Applications

Abstract
Recently, we and others have achieved power densities in polymer electrolyte Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFCs), which are only three times lower than those achieved with similar reformate/air fuel cells (RAFC). Comparisons of power densities, energy conversion efficiencies and projected costs reveal similar values for the DMFC and the methanol reformer + RAFC stack. We conclude that the DMFC could become the preferable methanol-fueled system due to its relative simplicity. However, important remaining DMFC issues are: improved anode catalyst activity, demonstrated long-term stable performance, and high fuel efficiencies.