Ascent and Descent in Maslow’s Theory
- 1 July 1999
- journal article
- research article
- Published by SAGE Publications in Journal of Humanistic Psychology
- Vol. 39 (3), 125-133
- https://doi.org/10.1177/0022167899393010
Abstract
This article critiques the notion that Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is a one-way linear trend from lower to higher levels. It introduces the idea of a contrast between abundance and deficiency motivation and uses this to suggest that the usual table of needs can be split into two vertically. At each level, we have a choice between abundance (being) motivation and deficiency motivation, and we have to take responsibility for this.Keywords
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