Genotype × Environment Interaction for Grazing Versus Confinement. I. Production Traits
- 1 February 2004
- journal article
- research article
- Published by American Dairy Science Association in Journal of Dairy Science
- Vol. 87 (2), 501-509
- https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(04)73189-6
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the possible existence of a genotype × environment interac- tion (G×E) for production traits of US Holsteins in graz- ing versus confinement herds. Grazing herds were de- fined as those that utilized grazing for at least 6 mo and were enrolled in dairy herd improvement (DHI). Control herds were confinement DHI herds of compara- ble size in similar regions. The performance of daugh- ters in grazing herds and control herds was examined using linear regression of mature equivalent milk, fat, and protein yield on the November 2000 USDA-DHI predicted transmitting abilities (PTA) of their sires for those traits. Heritabilities and genetic correlations were estimated using restricted maximum likelihood in a bivariate animal model that considered the same trait in different environments as different traits. Prod- uct-moment and rank correlations were calculated be- tweensires' estimatedbreeding values,estimated sepa- rately in both environments. For grazing herds, the coefficient of regression of milk, fat and protein on PTA were 0.78, 0.76, and 0.78, respectively. Corresponding coefficients in the control herds were 0.99, 0.96, and 0.98.Estimatesofheritabilityforthetraitsrangedfrom 0.2 to 0.25, and differences between grazing and control environments were small. Estimates of the genetic cor- relations for the traits in both environments were 0.89, 0.88, and 0.91 for milk, fat, and protein, respectively. Within-quartile analyses revealed a lower correlation for milk and protein between the upper and lower graz- ing quartiles, while the same quartiles for the control herds did not differ from unity. Rank correlation coeffi- cients between sire estimated breeding values from the 2 environments were 0.59, 0.63, and 0.66 for milk, fat, and protein, respectively. The mean rank change for the top 100 sires between the two environments was 27. The regression coefficients indicate that expected daughter differences may be overstated by current sire PTA in grazing herds. Genetic correlations less than unity suggests that there is, at least, some reranking amongsiresinbothenvironments,whiletherankcorre-Keywords
Funding Information
- Agriculture Research and Education
- National Association of Animal Breeders
This publication has 15 references indexed in Scilit:
- Genotype × Environment Interaction for Grazing vs. Confinement. II. Health and Reproduction TraitsJournal of Dairy Science, 2004
- Genotype × Environment Interactions in Conventional versus Pasture-Based Dairies in CanadaJournal of Dairy Science, 2003
- The performance of Holstein Friesian dairy cows of high and medium genetic merit for milk production on grass-based feeding systemsLivestock Production Science, 2000
- Restricted maximum likelihood estimation of covariances in sparse linear modelsGenetics Selection Evolution, 1998
- Intensive rotational grazing for dairy cattle feedingAmerican Journal of Alternative Agriculture, 1995
- A Survey of Dairy Farms in Pennsylvania Using Minimal or Intensive Pasture Grazing SystemsThe Professional Animal Scientist, 1993
- Estimation of Genetic Parameters for Milk and Fat Yields of Dairy Cattle in Spain and the United StatesJournal of Dairy Science, 1989
- Response to Selection for Milk and Type in Herds Varying in Herd Mean and Within-Herd VarianceJournal of Dairy Science, 1988
- Evaluation of Sires in Herds Feeding Differing Proportions of Concentrates and RoughagesJournal of Dairy Science, 1978
- The Sampling Variance of the Genetic Correlation CoefficientPublished by JSTOR ,1959