An Oxygen-Sensing Diguanylate Cyclase and Phosphodiesterase Couple for c-di-GMP Control
- 25 September 2009
- journal article
- Published by American Chemical Society (ACS) in Biochemistry
- Vol. 48 (41), 9764-9774
- https://doi.org/10.1021/bi901409g
Abstract
A commonly observed coupling of sensory domains to GGDEF-class diguanylate cyclases and EAL-class phosphodiesterases has long suggested that c-di-GMP synthesizing and degrading enzymes sense environmental signals. Nevertheless, relatively few signal ligands have been identified for these sensors, and even fewer instances of in vitro switching by ligand have been demonstrated. Here we describe an Escherichia coli two-gene operon, dosCP, for control of c-di-GMP by oxygen. In this operon, the gene encoding the oxygen-sensing c-di-GMP phosphodiesterase Ec Dos (here renamed Ec DosP) follows and is translationally coupled to a gene encoding a diguanylate cyclase, here designated DosC. We present the first characterizations of DosC and a detailed study of the ligand-dose response of DosP. Our results show that DosC is a globin-coupled sensor with an apolar but accessible heme pocket that binds oxygen with a K(d) of 20 microM. The response of DosP activation to increasing oxygen concentration is a complex function of its ligand saturation such that over 80% of the activation occurs in solutions that exceed 30% of air saturation (oxygen >75 microM). Finally, we find that DosP and DosC associate into a functional complex. We conclude that the dosCP operon encodes two oxygen sensors that cooperate in the controlled production and removal of c-di-GMP.Keywords
This publication has 61 references indexed in Scilit:
- Vibrio biofilms: so much the same yet so differentTrends in Microbiology, 2009
- A chemosensory system that regulates biofilm formation through modulation of cyclic diguanylate levelsProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2005
- C‐di‐GMP: the dawning of a novel bacterial signalling systemMolecular Microbiology, 2005
- Cyclic di-GMP as a bacterial second messengerMicrobiology, 2004
- Cyclic diguanylate (c‐di‐GMP) regulates Vibrio cholerae biofilm formationMolecular Microbiology, 2004
- Genetic data indicate that proteins containing the GGDEF domain possess diguanylate cyclase activityFEMS Microbiology Letters, 2001
- Oxygen Signal TransductionIUBMB Life, 2001
- Bacterial Biofilms: A Common Cause of Persistent InfectionsScience, 1999
- Cellulose biosynthesis and function in bacteriaMicrobiological Reviews, 1991
- Regulation of cellulose synthesis in Acetobacter xylinum by cyclic diguanylic acidNature, 1987