Autographa californica Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus ac76 Is Involved in Intranuclear Microvesicle Formation
Open Access
- 1 August 2010
- journal article
- research article
- Published by American Society for Microbiology in Journal of Virology
- Vol. 84 (15), 7437-7447
- https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02103-09
Abstract
In this study, we characterized Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) orf76 ( ac76 ), which is a highly conserved gene of unknown function in lepidopteran baculoviruses. Transcriptional analysis of ac76 revealed that transcription of multiple overlapping multicistronic transcripts initiates from a canonical TAAG late-transcription start motif but terminates at different 3′ ends at 24 h postinfection in AcMNPV-infected Sf9 cells. To investigate the role of ac76 in the baculovirus life cycle, an ac76 -knockout virus was constructed using an AcMNPV bacmid system. Microscopy, titration assays, and Western blot analysis demonstrated that the resulting ac76 -knockout virus was unable to produce budded viruses. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis demonstrated that ac76 deletion did not affect viral DNA synthesis. Electron microscopy showed that virus-induced intranuclear microvesicles as well as occlusion-derived virions were never observed in cells transfected with the ac76 -knockout virus. Confocal microscopy analysis revealed that Ac76 was predominantly localized to the ring zone of nuclei during the late phase of infection. This suggests that ac76 plays a role in intranuclear microvesicle formation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first baculovirus gene identified to be involved in intranuclear microvesicle formation.Keywords
This publication has 32 references indexed in Scilit:
- Baculovirus Data Suggest a Common but Multifaceted Pathway for Sorting Proteins to the Inner Nuclear MembraneJournal of Virology, 2009
- Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus ac53 plays a role in nucleocapsid assemblyVirology, 2008
- A highly conserved baculovirus gene p48 (ac103) is essential for BV production and ODV envelopmentVirology, 2008
- Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus ac142, a core gene that is essential for BV production and ODV envelopmentVirology, 2008
- Autographa californica Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus Nucleocapsid Assembly Is Interrupted upon Deletion of the 38K GeneJournal of Virology, 2006
- Analysis of baculovirus IE1 in living cells: dynamics and spatial relationships to viral structural proteinsJournal of General Virology, 2004
- Transcription and promoter analysis of pif, an essential but low-expressed baculovirus geneJournal of General Virology, 2004
- The Genome Sequence and Evolution of BaculovirusesAnnual Review of Entomology, 2003
- Pivotal Role of the Non- hr Origin of DNA Replication in the Genesis of Defective Interfering BaculovirusesJournal of Virology, 2002
- Transcription, Translation, and Cellular Localization of ThreeAutographa californicaNuclear Polyhedrosis Virus Structural Proteins: ODV-E18, ODV-E35, and ODV-EC27Virology, 1996