Nasal Carriage and Resistance Pattern of Multidrug Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Among Healthy Children in Kashan, Iran
Open Access
- 5 September 2014
- journal article
- Published by DoNotEdit in Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal
- Vol. 16 (10), e21346
- https://doi.org/10.5812/ircmj.21346
Abstract
Background: Nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus is a substantial source of human infections. Detection and treatment of nasal carriage in children with methicillin-resistant and multidrug resistant S. aureus (MRSA and MDRSA, respectively) may be an important modality in prevention of infections. Objectives: This study determined the prevalence, antibiotic resistance patterns and risk factors for nasal carriage of MDRSA among healthy children. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 350 one-month to 14-year-old healthy children in Kashan city, Iran. From all health-care centers, four were chosen by simple random sampling. Nasal samples were cultured in blood agar medium for S. aureus and antibiotic susceptibility profile was determined by disc diffusion and E-test. Risk factors for nasal carriage of MDRSA were also determined. Results: A total of 92 (26.3%) S. aureus isolates were obtained, of which 33 (35.9%) were MRSA and 27 (29.3%) were MDRSA. Of MRSA strains, 19 (70.4%) were MDRSA. S. aureus isolates showed 52.2% resistance to cephalothin, 33.7% to co-trimoxazole, 26.1% to clindamycin, 26.1% to ciprofloxacin, 4.3% to vancomycin, and 35.9% to oxacillin. The risk factors for nasal carriage of MDRSA were antibiotic usage during the last three months (P = 0.006), family size of more than four members (P = 0.044), and parental smoking (P = 0.045). Conclusions: MDRSA was not uncommon among healthy children in Kashan and prevention of its spread in the population is judicious. Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus; Nasal; Carriers; Multidrug Resistance; Healthy; ChildKeywords
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