Extrapulmonary tissue responses in cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) virus
Open Access
- 7 April 2010
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Archiv für die gesamte Virusforschung
- Vol. 155 (6), 905-914
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-010-0662-8
Abstract
The mechanisms responsible for virulence of influenza viruses in humans remain poorly understood. A prevailing hypothesis is that the highly pathogenic virus isolates cause a severe cytokinemia precipitating acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) infected with a human highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus isolate (A/Vietnam/1203/2004) or reassortants of human influenza virus A/Texas/36/91 (H1N1) containing genes from the 1918 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus developed severe pneumonia within 24 h postinfection. However, virus spread beyond the lungs was only detected in the H5N1 group, and signs of extrapulmonary tissue reactions, including microglia activation and sustained up-regulation of inflammatory markers, most notably hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), were largely limited to this group. Extrapulmonary pathology may thus contribute to the morbidities induced by H5N1 viruses.Keywords
This publication has 46 references indexed in Scilit:
- Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for 2009 Influenza A(H1N1) Acute Respiratory Distress SyndromeJAMA, 2009
- Early and sustained innate immune response defines pathology and death in nonhuman primates infected by highly pathogenic influenza virusProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2009
- Pathology, Molecular Biology, and Pathogenesis of Avian Influenza A (H5N1) Infection in HumansThe American Journal of Pathology, 2008
- Single gene reassortants identify a critical role for PB1, HA, and NA in the high virulence of the 1918 pandemic influenza virusProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2008
- The Pathology of Influenza Virus InfectionsAnnual review of pathology, 2008
- The Spike Glycoprotein of Murine Coronavirus MHV-JHM Mediates Receptor-Independent Infection and Spread in the Central Nervous Systems ofCeacam1a−/−MiceJournal of Virology, 2008
- Functional Genomic and Serological Analysis of the Protective Immune Response Resulting from Vaccination of Macaques with an NS1-Truncated Influenza VirusJournal of Virology, 2007
- The Role of Heme Oxygenase-1 in Pulmonary DiseaseAmerican Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, 2007
- Loss of VHL Confers Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF)-Dependent Resistance to Vesicular Stomatitis Virus: Role of HIF in Antiviral ResponseJournal of Virology, 2006
- Analysis of gene-expression profiles by oligonucleotide microarray in children with influenzaJournal of General Virology, 2006