Ultrastructure and Cytochemistry of the Cell Types in the Larval Hematopoietic Organs and Hemolymph of Drosophila Melanogaster. (drosophila/hematopoiesis/blool cells/ultrastructure/cytochemistry)

Abstract

The ultrastructure of the primordial blood cells in the first and second hematopoietic lobes of the late second and third instar larva and prepupa of Drosophila melanogaster was compared with the ultrastructure of the blood cells found freely in the larval hemolymph. Within the hematopoietic lobes two principal cell-types were detected: (i) the prohemocytes and proplasmatocytes, and (ii) different developmental stages of crystal cells., Prohemocytes are characterized by a ribsome-rich cytoplasm, showing small amounts of mitochondria, rough ER and Golgi complexes and few primary lyosomes. Prohemocytes differentiate into proplasmatocytes. When released into the hemolymph they transform further into plasmato-, podo-, and lamellocytes. This differentiation pathway is characterized by a gradual, numerical increase of cytoplasmic organelles, the development of the lysosomal system and the aquisition of the capacity for phagocytosis and melanin formation. The differentiation of a procrystal cell into a crystal cell involves a number of intermediate stages, during which the crystalline material is produced, accumulated, and crystallized. Primary and secondary lysosomes in the primordial blood cells of the hematopoietic organs as well as the free blood cells in the hemolymph were identified cytochemically with the help of the acid phosphatase test. The capacity for melanin synthesis was studied with the phenol- and polyphenol oxidase test.