Non-surgical approach to small cell carcinoma of the esophagus: does this rare disease have the same tumor behavior as SCLC?

Abstract

We conducted a retrospective analysis to clarify the clinical profile of a nonsurgical approach to small cell carcinoma of the esophagus (SCEC). SCEC patients in our database were reviewed. Consistent with the standard approach to small cell carcinoma of the lung (SCLC), chemoradiotherapy was the first choice for limited disease (LD)-SCEC in our institution while chemotherapy was the first choice for extensive disease (ED)-SCEC. Our strategy did not include prophylactic cranial irradiation. Eighteen patients were treated between January 1996 and December 2006, of whom 10 had LD-SCEC and 8 had ED-SCEC. Regarding response to chemoradiotherapy in patients with LD-SCEC, CR rate at the primary site was 90% (9/10) and total CR rate was 80% (8/10). With a median follow-up period of 55.3 months, median survival time in LD-SCEC and ED-SCEC patients was 17.3 and 13.9 months, respectively, showing no significant difference (p = 0.57). Brain metastases occurred in only one patient. On follow-up, eight patients with LD-SCEC and seven with ED-SCEC died of disease. Only 2 patients died of local progression, while the remaining 13 died of disease progression of distant metastases. Despite providing good local control, chemoradiotherapy appeared to have insufficient potential to cure LD-SCEC. Prophylactic brain irradiation for SCEC is unnecessary.