The natural history of adnexal cysts incidentally detected at transvaginal ultrasound examination in postmenopausal women
- 1 August 2002
- journal article
- Published by Wiley in Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology
- Vol. 20 (2), 174-180
- https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-0705.2002.00709.x
Abstract
To determine the natural history of adnexal cysts incidentally detected at transvaginal ultrasound examination and judged to be benign in postmenopausal women. One hundred and thirty-four postmenopausal women referred for ultrasound examination and found to have an adnexal cyst judged to be benign and not causing any symptoms were followed with transvaginal ultrasound at 3, 6 and 12 months, and then every 12 months. The referring physician treated the patient at his/her own discretion. One hundred and sixty cysts were found, 121 (76%) being unilocular and 39 more complicated. Seventy-two cysts (45%) had a largest diameter of 3-19 mm and 88 (55%) had a largest diameter of 20-80 mm. Median follow-up time was 3 (range, 0.3-8) years. In twelve women (9%) the cysts were removed during follow-up, all their cysts (n = 14) being benign. The indication to operate was a change in cyst morphology or increased cyst size in five (4%) women. In 39 (29%) women, the cysts disappeared; in 18 (13%), new cysts developed; and, in 65 (49%), the number of cysts and their location remained unchanged. Regression of cysts was observed in 54% (33/61) of women < 60 years vs. in 8% (6/73) of those > or = 60 years (P = 0.0001). Ultrasound findings remained unchanged in 34% (21/61) of women < 60 years vs. in 77% (56/73) of those > or = 60 years (P = 0.0001). The results support conservative management of adnexal cysts incidentally detected at transvaginal ultrasound examination and judged to be benign in postmenopausal women. Whether such cysts need to be followed-up at all and, if they do, how often and for how long, remains an open question.Keywords
This publication has 15 references indexed in Scilit:
- Complex ovarian cysts in postmenopausal women are not associated with ovarian cancer risk factorsAmerican Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2000
- Benign ovarian cysts and ovarian cancer: a cohort study with implications for screeningThe Lancet, 2000
- Prospective cross‐validation of Doppler ultrasound examination and gray‐scale ultrasound imaging for discrimination of benign and malignant pelvic massesUltrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology, 1999
- The Malignant Potential of Small Cystic Ovarian Tumors in Women over 50 Years of AgeGynecologic Oncology, 1998
- Follow-up of small, postmenopausal ovarian cysts using vaginal ultrasound and CA-125 antigenJournal of Clinical Ultrasound, 1996
- Transvaginal gray‐scale and Doppler ultrasound examinations of the uterus and ovaries in healthy postmenopausal womenUltrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology, 1995
- Diagnosis and follow-up of simple ovarian cysts detected by ultrasound in postmenopausal womenObstetrics & Gynecology, 1995
- Simple adnexal cysts: the natural history in postmenopausal women.Radiology, 1992
- Prevalence of simple adnexal cysts in postmenopausal women.Radiology, 1991
- Macroscopic characterization of ovarian tumors and the relation to the histological diagnosis: Criteria to be used for ultrasound evaluationGynecologic Oncology, 1989