Herpes simplex virus infection in women in the WIHS: Epidemiology and effect of antiretroviral therapy on clinical manifestations
- 24 April 2006
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) in AIDS
- Vol. 20 (7), 1051-1058
- https://doi.org/10.1097/01.aids.0000222078.75867.77
Abstract
Objective: To determine the prevalence of infection with herpes simplex virus types 1 (HSV-1) and 2 (HSV-2) among women with and at high risk for HIV infection, and to evaluate the effect of HAART on the recurrence of genital lesions. Methods: We evaluated the epidemiology and clinical manifestations associated with HSV-1 and HSV-2 among 1796 HIV-infected and 476 HIV-uninfected women enrolled in a multisite cohort study. Serum antibodies to HSV-1 and HSV-2 at baseline and self-reported history of genital herpes, reports of recent genital sores and presence of genital ulcers on examination, and use of HAART regimen at each study visit were analyzed. Results: Reactivity to HSV-1 only and HSV-2 only was detected in 18% and 20% of HIV-infected, and in 28% and 18% of HIV-uninfected participants respectively; 58% of HIV-infected women and 45% of HIV-uninfected women were seropositive for both HSV types. Reactivity to HSV-2 was associated with increasing age, more male sexual partners, earlier sexual debut, African–American race, Latina ethnicity, less education and lower income. HIV-uninfected women reported significantly fewer genital sores than HIV-infected women who had used HAART for at least 1 year and had optimal CD4 cell gain and viral suppression (adjusted odds ratio (OR), 0.19; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.13–0.28). Conclusion: Use of HAART and subsequent immune recovery does not completely eliminate the effect of HIV infection on genital lesions among women with concurrent HSV-2 infection.Keywords
This publication has 24 references indexed in Scilit:
- Genital Herpes and Public HealthPublished by American Medical Association (AMA) ,2000
- Etiology of Genital Ulcers and Prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Coinfection in 10 US CitiesThe Journal of Infectious Diseases, 1998
- Frequent Recovery of HIV-1 From Genital Herpes Simplex Virus Lesions in HIV-1–Infected MenJAMA, 1998
- HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS–2 INFECTION: An Emerging Disease?Infectious Disease Clinics of North America, 1998
- Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 in the United States, 1976 to 1994New England Journal of Medicine, 1997
- The Causal Role for Genital Ulcer Disease as a Risk Factor for Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency VirusSexually Transmitted Diseases, 1996
- Epidemiological SynergySexually Transmitted Diseases, 1992
- Risk Factors for the Sexual Transmission of Genital HerpesAnnals of Internal Medicine, 1992
- FEMALE TO MALE TRANSMISSION OF HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS TYPE 1: RISK FACTORS FOR SEROCONVERSION IN MENThe Lancet, 1989
- Infections with Herpes Simplex VirusesNew England Journal of Medicine, 1986