Quantification of Lung Damage in an Elastase-Induced Mouse Model of Emphysema

Abstract

Objective. To define the sensitivity of microcomputed tomography- (micro-CT-) derived descriptors for the quantification of lung damage caused by elastase instillation.Materials and Methods. The lungs of 30 elastase treated and 30 control A/J mice were analyzed 1, 6, 12, and 24 hours and 7 and 17 days after elastase instillation using (i) breath-hold-gated micro-CT, (ii) pulmonary function tests (PFTs), (iii) RT-PCR for RNA cytokine expression, and (iv) histomorphometry. For the latter, an automatic, parallel software toolset was implemented that computes the airspace enlargement descriptors: mean linear intercept(Lm)and weighted means of airspace diameters (D0,D1, andD2). A Support Vector Classifier was trained and tested based on three nonhistological descriptors usingD2as ground truth.Results.D2detected statistically significant differences(P<0.01)between the groups at all time points. Furthermore,D2at 1 hour (24 hours) was significantly lower(P<0.01)thanD2at 24 hours (7 days). The classifier trained on the micro-CT-derived descriptors achieves an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.95 well above the others (PFTS AUC = 0.71; cytokine AUC = 0.88).Conclusion. Micro-CT-derived descriptors are more sensitive than the other methods compared, to detectin vivoearly signs of the disease.