The Silent Sinus Syndrome is a form of Chronic Maxillary Atelectasis: A Systematic Review of all Reported Cases
- 1 January 2008
- journal article
- case report
- Published by SAGE Publications in American Journal of Rhinology
- Vol. 22 (1), 68-73
- https://doi.org/10.2500/ajr.2008.22.3118
Abstract
Background The terms chronic maxillary atelectasis (CMA) and silent sinus syndrome (SSS) have been used to describe spontaneous enophthalmos in association with a contracted ipsilateral maxillary sinus. Despite the use of differing taxonomy, it appears that these two terms describe the same clinical entity. Nevertheless, many reports still discuss CMA and SSS in isolation or as distinct conditions. Methods A systematic review of all reported cases of CMA and SSS was performed (1964-2006). Case reports were excluded if they involved facial trauma, diagnosis of mucocele, or previous surgery. Eligible cases were reviewed and entered into a database. Data were evaluated based on literature of publication, reported diagnosis, demographics, ophthalmologic examination, results of imaging, and operative findings. Only complete data sets were included in an additional analysis whereby the diagnostic criteria for CMA and SSS were applied and the data sets were compared. Results Of the 105 cases reviewed, 55 contained complete data sets. Twenty-seven of these cases met the diagnostic criteria for SSS, and 48 could be diagnosed as CMA, with 23 meeting the criteria for both conditions. Comparing the cases across diagnoses, the only difference observed was that of the presence of sinus-related symptoms, which by definition distinguishes CMA III from SSS. Conclusion The entity termed SSS fits within the staging classification of CMA. We propose abandoning the term SSS and recommend universal adoption of the CMA staging system, which uses nomenclature that more accurately portrays the pathophysiology and natural history of this condition.Keywords
This publication has 33 references indexed in Scilit:
- Simultaneous Endoscopic Antrostomy and Orbital Reconstruction in Silent Sinus SyndromeOrbit, 2006
- Management of spontaneous enophthalmos due to silent sinus syndrome: a case reportInternational Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, 2005
- Misdiagnosis of Silent Sinus SyndromeOphthalmic Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, 2003
- A case of unilateral enophthalmosThe British Journal of Radiology, 2003
- Clinical and radiologic characteristics of the imploding antrum, or “silent sinus,” syndromeOphthalmology, 2003
- Clinical features and treatment of late enophthalmos after orbital decompression: A condition suggesting cause for idiopathic “imploding antrum” (silent sinus) syndromeOphthalmology, 2003
- Spontaneous resolution of eyeball displacement caused by maxillary sinusitisBritish Journal of Ophthalmology, 2001
- Atraumatic Enophthalmos. A Report of Two Unusual CasesPlastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 1994
- Acquired involution of the maxillary antrumThe Journal of Laryngology & Otology, 1994
- Spontaneous enophthalmos from chronic maxillary sinusitisThe Laryngoscope, 1986