The Linderniaceae and Gratiolaceae are further Lineages Distinct from the Scrophulariaceae (Lamiales)
- 1 January 2005
- journal article
- Published by Wiley in Plant Biology
- Vol. 7 (1), 67-78
- https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2004-830444
Abstract
The Lamiales are one of the largest orders of angiosperms, with about 22 000 species. The Scrophulariaceae, as one of their most important families, has recently been shown to be polyphyletic. As a consequence, this family was re-classified and several groups of former scrophulariaceous genera now belong to different families, such as the Calceolariaceae, Plantaginaceae, or Phrymaceae. In the present study, relationships of the genera Craterostigma, Lindernia and its allies, hitherto classified within the Scrophulariaceae, were analyzed. Sequences of the chloroplast trnK intron and the matK gene (–2.5 kb) were generated for representatives of all major lineages of the Lamiales and the former Scrophulariaceae. Bayesian and parsimony analyses revealed two isolated lineages, one of which consists of Lindernia and its allies, the other of Gratiola and allies. Gratiola was previously assumed to be related to Lindernia and was therefore included here. It is proposed to treat the two clades as separate families, Linderniaceae and Gratiolaceae. For the Linderniaceae, several morphological synapomorphies exist in addition to molecular data, such as conspicuous club-shaped stamen appendages.Keywords
This publication has 40 references indexed in Scilit:
- Glacial history and colonization of Europe by the blue tit Parus caeruleusJournal of Avian Biology, 2004
- Angiosperm phylogeny based on matK sequence informationAmerican Journal of Botany, 2003
- An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IIBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2003
- The Evolution of Parasitism in Scrophulariaceae/Orobanchaceae: Plastid Gene Sequences Refute an Evolutionary Transition SeriesAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 1999
- Taxonomy, phylogeny and biogeography of Lindenbergia (Scrophulariaceae)Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 1995
- The general stochastic model of nucleotide substitutionJournal of Theoretical Biology, 1990
- The morphology of false anthers in Craterostigma plantagineum and Torenia polygonoides (Scrophulariaceae)Canadian Journal of Botany, 1989
- Two New Species of East African Craterostigma (Scrophulariaceae)Kew Bulletin, 1987
- A new look at the statistical model identificationIEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 1974
- Das Vorkommen rhinanthoider Knospendeckung beiLindenbergia Lehm., einer Gattung der Scrophulariaceae-AntirrhinoideaeÖsterreichische botanische Zeitschrift, 1955