Heterogeneity of systemic inflammatory responses to periodontal therapy
- 19 March 2009
- journal article
- Published by Wiley in Journal of Clinical Periodontology
- Vol. 36 (4), 287-294
- https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051x.2009.01382.x
Abstract
Aims: We investigated the effect of comprehensive periodontal therapy on the levels of multiple systemic inflammatory biomarkers. Material and Methods: Thirty patients with severe periodontitis received comprehensive periodontal therapy within a 6‐week period. Blood samples were obtained at: 1‐week pre‐therapy (T1), therapy initiation (T2), treatment completion (T3), and 4 weeks thereafter (T4). We assessed the plasma concentrations of 19 biomarkers using multiplex assays, and serum IgG antibodies to periodontal bacteria using checkerboard immunoblotting. At T2 and T4, dental plaque samples were analysed using checkerboard hybridizations. Results: At T3, PAI‐1, sE‐selectin, sVCAM‐1, MMP‐9, myeloperoxidase, and a composite summary inflammatory score (SIS) were significantly reduced. However, only sE‐selectin, sICAM, and serum amyloid P sustained a reduction at T4. Responses were highly variable: analyses of SIS slopes between baseline and T4 showed that approximately 1/3 and 1/4 of the patients experienced a marked reduction and a pronounced increase in systemic inflammation, respectively, while the remainder were seemingly unchanged. Changes in inflammatory markers correlated poorly with clinical, microbiological and serological markers of periodontitis. Conclusions: Periodontal therapy resulted in an overall reduction of systemic inflammation, but the responses were inconsistent across subjects and largely not sustainable. The determinants of this substantial heterogeneity need to be explored further.Keywords
This publication has 36 references indexed in Scilit:
- Periodontitis is characterized by elevated PAI‐1 activityJournal of Clinical Periodontology, 2007
- Acute effects of periodontal therapy on bio‐markers of vascular healthJournal of Clinical Periodontology, 2007
- The effects of periodontal therapy on vascular endothelial function: A pilot trialAmerican Heart Journal, 2006
- Systemic Effects of Periodontitis: Epidemiology of Periodontal Disease and Cardiovascular DiseaseThe Journal of Periodontology, 2005
- Short-term Effects of Intensive Periodontal Therapy on Serum Inflammatory Markers and CholesterolJournal of Dental Research, 2005
- Periodontitis and Systemic Inflammation: Control of the Local Infection is Associated with a Reduction in Serum Inflammatory MarkersJournal of Dental Research, 2004
- Consensus Report: Periodontitis as a Manifestation of Systemic DiseasesAnnals of Periodontology, 1999
- Systemic acute-phase reactants, C-reactive protein and haptoglobin, in adult periodontitisClinical and Experimental Immunology, 1997
- Endothelial-Leukocyte Adhesion MoleculesAnnual Review of Immunology, 1993
- Occurrence of C-Reactive Protein in Oral DiseaseJournal of Dental Research, 1967