The Ranger VII, VIII, and IX pictures of the moon show certain features quite unequivocally about the lunar surface. 1. It appears that a very considerable amount of erosion and fragmentation of the surface by micro- and macrometeorite bombardment and probably other processes has taken place. It would seem that the evidence indicates that this layer is some 10 or 20 m deep as a minimum. 2. There is considerable evidence for slump features on the moon. This probably includes the dimple craters as well as certain crevasses that are seen in all these pictures but particularly in the Alphonsus pictures. The volcanic activity indicated in the Ranger IX pictures is of a very mild type and the craters do not resemble any terrestrial volcanic features at all. They are very broad and apparently have been produced by the escape of gases from the lunar interior. It would appear that they might have been produced initially by collisions which were then modified by gas escaping, though one of these craters has an elliptical shape, arguing against this interpretation. 3. Various lines of evidence indicate that the material of the maria floors and especially of the Alphonsus floor consist of fragmented material to a very considerable depth, with substantial crevasses below the surface. It is not possible to decide whether such crevasses are the result of lava flows or the evaporation of massive amounts of water from beneath the surface. It is, however, the author's opinion that the water interpretation is the more likely of the two. 4. The mountainous areas in the neighbourhood of Alphonsus are remarkably smooth as compared with the crater floor. This indicates that the crater rim consists of different material from the crater floor. 5. Secondaries are a prominent feature of all these Ranger pictures. Objects of more than a million tons have been thrown from Tycho to Mare Cognitum, a distance of 1000 km. It appears probable that the curious rays of Tycho which missed the craters may indeed be due to particles that have travelled completely around the Moon, and it seems likely that objects of meteoritic size have been thrown off the Moon and have arrived at the Earth. It seems to me that it would be well to be rather conservative in regard to the interpretation of these pictures. The maria of the Moon may consist of lava flows. They may be fragmented material. They may have been subjected to water at some time in their history. But the evidence of pictures alone is not sufficient to make a firm decision in regard to these conclusions.