In this paper the implementation of the European WEEE and RoHS directives will be considered from the perspective of an eco-efficient implementation. The basis for the environmental considerations of take back and recycling is the Quotes for Environmentally Weighted Recyclability (QWERTY) method as developed at Delft University of Technology. Combined with economic (cost) calculations a comprehensive approach on the eco-efficiency of electronic goods will be presented. In this way, it can be assessed how the intent of the WEEE can be best served. Moreover, meaningful avenues can be indicated for further improvement of take back and recycling systems both through Ecodesign and through technology investment but also through systems organization and improvement of rule making. The QWERTY/Eco-Efficiency approach also delivers a clear priority setting in this respect. For RoHS implementation adequate thresholds, appropriate system boundaries and an agreed set of chemical analysis methods are key ingredients for success. It is discussed in a separate section.