Selection of Nonequilibrium Overlimiting Currents: Universal Depletion Layer Formation Dynamics and Vortex Instability
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- 16 December 2008
- journal article
- research article
- Published by American Physical Society (APS) in Physical Review Letters
- Vol. 101 (25), 254501
- https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.101.254501
Abstract
The ion flux dynamics across a straight nanoslot is imaged to understand the nonequilibrium phenomenon of overlimiting current density across a nanoporous membrane. With a slow ac field, an ion-depletion front is generated intermittently from one end of the nanochannel, and a vortex instability first predicted by Rubinstein, Staude, and Kedem [ Desalination 69, 101 (1988).] is found to arrest the self-similar diffusive front growth. This electrokinetic instability evolves into a stationary interfacial vortex array that specifies the overlimiting current, independent of external stirring or convective flow.Keywords
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