Effects of inflammation on stem cells: together they strive?
- 4 March 2015
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in EMBO Reports
- Vol. 16 (4), 416-426
- https://doi.org/10.15252/embr.201439702
Abstract
Inflammation entails a complex set of defense mechanisms acting in concert to restore the homeostatic balance in organisms after damage or pathogen invasion. This immune response consists of the activity of various immune cells in a highly complex manner. Inflammation is a double‐edged sword as it is reported to have both detrimental and beneficial consequences. In this review, we discuss the effects of inflammation on stem cell activity, focusing primarily on neural stem/progenitor cells in mammals and zebrafish. We also give a brief overview of the effects of inflammation on other stem cell compartments, exemplifying the positive and negative role of inflammation on stemness. The majority of the chronic diseases involve an unremitting phase of inflammation due to improper resolution of the initial pro‐inflammatory response that impinges on the stem cell behavior. Thus, understanding the mechanisms of crosstalk between the inflammatory milieu and tissue‐resident stem cells is an important basis for clinical efforts. Not only is it important to understand the effect of inflammation on stem cell activity for further defining the etiology of the diseases, but also better mechanistic understanding is essential to design regenerative therapies that aim at micromanipulating the inflammatory milieu to offset the negative effects and maximize the beneficial outcomes.Keywords
This publication has 136 references indexed in Scilit:
- NLRP3 inflammasomes link inflammation and metabolic diseaseTrends in Immunology, 2011
- Inflammation and mesenchymal stem cell agingCurrent Opinion in Immunology, 2011
- NF-κB, Inflammation, and Metabolic DiseaseCell Metabolism, 2011
- TNF/p38α/Polycomb Signaling to Pax7 Locus in Satellite Cells Links Inflammation to the Epigenetic Control of Muscle RegenerationCell Stem Cell, 2010
- Nonresolving InflammationCell, 2010
- Mechanisms Underlying Inflammation in NeurodegenerationCell, 2010
- Immune Activation in Brain Aging and Neurodegeneration: Too Much or Too Little?Neuron, 2009
- Immune Influence on Adult Neural Stem Cell Regulation and FunctionNeuron, 2009
- A Nurr1/CoREST Pathway in Microglia and Astrocytes Protects Dopaminergic Neurons from Inflammation-Induced DeathCell, 2009
- Transplanted multipotential neural precursor cells migrate into the inflamed white matter in response to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitisGlia, 2002