Phytoplasma Identity and Disease Etiology
Open Access
- 1 December 1998
- journal article
- Published by Scientific Societies in Phytopathology®
- Vol. 88 (12), 1372-1376
- https://doi.org/10.1094/phyto.1998.88.12.1372
Abstract
Many plant diseases believed to be caused by phytoplasmas were described before phytoplasma groups were delineated through molecular analyses. It is now possible to assess the relationships between phytoplasma identity or classification and specific plant diseases. Data were consistent with the hypothesis of a common ancestral origin of pathogenicity genes in many phytoplasmas and a limited repertoire of plant responses to certain pathogen signals. Observations also were consistent with the hypotheses that the botanical host ranges of some phytoplasmas reflect specificities in transmission by vectors and vector feeding preferences; phytoplasma-insect vector relationships are keys to understanding evolutionary divergence of phytoplasma lineages; small differences in a highly conserved phytoplasma gene may be regarded as potential indicators of separate gene pools; the reliability of a diagnosis based on symptoms must be learned empirically (i.e., through case study for each syndrome); and some discrete diseases can be ascribed to phytoplasma taxa at the 16S rRNA group level, whereas others are clearly associated with phytoplasma taxa below this level.Keywords
This publication has 31 references indexed in Scilit:
- Classification of new phytoplasmas associated with diseases of strawberry in Florida, based on analysis of 16S rRNA and ribosomal protein gene operon sequencesInternational Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 1998
- "Candidatus Phytoplasma australiense," a New Phytoplasma Taxon Associated with Australian Grapevine YellowsInternational Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 1997
- Ash Yellows and Lilac Witches'-Broom: Phytoplasmal Diseases of Concern in Forestry and Horticulture.Plant Disease, 1996
- Detection of the German grapevine yellows (Vergilbungskrankheit) MLO in grapevine, alternative hosts and a vector by a specific PCR procedureEuropean Journal of Plant Pathology, 1995
- Nature and genetic relatedness of the mycoplasma-like organism causing rubus stunt in EuropePlant Pathology, 1995
- Ophiostoma himal-ulmi sp. nov., a new species of Dutch elm disease fungus endemic to the HimalayasMycological Research, 1995
- Mycoplasmalike organisms from milkweed, goldenrod, and spirea represent two new 16S rRNA subgroups and three new strain subclusters related to peach X-disease MLOsCanadian Journal of Plant Pathology, 1994
- Studies on Taxonomic Relationships of Mycoplasma–like Organisms by Southern blot AnalysisJournal of Phytopathology, 1994
- Molecular Detection of Diverse Mycoplasmalike Organisms (MLOs) Associated with Grapevine Yellows and Their Classification with Aster Yellows, X-Disease, and Elm Yellows MLOsPhytopathology®, 1993
- Distinctions between cellulase isoenzyme patterns of five plant-pathogenic Verticillium speciesMycological Research, 1989